Fuel-cooled internal-combustion



N. M JONES FUEL-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original F iled Jur xe 26. 1942 3 Sfieets-Sheet l 3 I M25022 M Jones Aug. 15, 1944.

' u. M. JONES FUEL-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 7 Original Filed June 26. 1942 a Sfieets-Sheet 2 3 11 225022 M lanes Aug. 15, 1944. N. M. JONES FUEL-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed June 26, 1942 5 sheets sheet 3 grvum'vm M25022 M/anes Reissue d Aug. 15, 1944 FUEL-COOLED IN'iERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Nelson M. Jones, Sarasota, Fla., assignor to Greenes Fuel, Incorporated, Sarasota, Fla., a corporation of Florida Original No. 2,296,790, dated September 22, 1942,

Serial No. 448,816, June 26, 1942.

Application for reissue April 17, 1943, Serial No. 483,398

19 Claims.

This invention relates to an internal combustion engine and particularly to one which will .be

l cooled by the fuel in its passage to the carburetor or combustion means, utilizing the refrigerating effect produced as the fuel passes from the liquid to the gaseous state.

While the invention is not limited to use in connection with airplane engines, yet an important object of the invention is to produce an engine of the present character which can be totally enclosed within a wing or other structure of an airplane and still be adequately cooled without projections extending into the outside air.

1 I further aim to provide a structure which is exceedingly compact, durable and eflicient and wherein a blower of "super-charger type may be employed in the combination to induce cooling air through the jackets of the engine cylinders and then deliver same to'a mixing valve under pressure.

The more specific objects and advantages will become apparent from a consideration'of the description following taken in connection with accompanying drawings illustrating an operative embodiment.

Some of the objects of the invention having been stated, other objects will appear as the description proceeds, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view, partly in section to disclose details, of an airplane engine embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is an end elevation thereof;

Cylinders II are vertically finned for air-cooling and in accordance with my invention are covered by suitable sheet metal or other shrouds l3 and attached thereto at the heads of the cylinders and communicating with the interior of the shrouds are sheet metal orother air ducts or casings i4.

Disposed within each casing is a coil ll. Con- I duitsor pipes is lead from any suitable source or sources of liquid petroleum and between such pipes l6 and coils i5, preferably within the ducts Such valves ll serve to expand and vaporize the liquid fuel drawn from the pipe It to produce a refrigeratingeflect, accordingly cooling the air which passes through the ducts I4 and into the shrouds If, and conveying the fuel as a gas through the coils I5.

Figure 3 is a detail section taken on the line 3-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a detail view showing a cylinder and cooling coil;

Figure 5 is a view, partly in section, of the blower; v Figure 6 is a view of the blower in elevation.

v Referring'speciiically to the drawings wherein like reference characters designate like or similar parts, an internal combustion engine is generally shown at In and specifically it is a conventional aircraft engine of air-cooled design with my im-.

provements added or incorporated. The cylinders II are shown as four in number although any number thereof can be used and arranged as opposed cylinders, in line, or in various combinations thereof. according to the use desired of the'engine. The, engine illustrated includes a super-charger or blower at ii, of the typeconventionally used on aircraft or other internal combustion engines, but the super-charger may be dispensed with, if desired.

A gaseous fuel is conveyed by a pipe or conduit II to a mixing valve is, in communication with a mixing chamber or manifold 20, arranged in communication with the blower or super-charger I! as shown, or the air ducts may open into the atmosphere or run directly to the mixing valve where a supercharger is not employed, A conventional throttlevalve 2! is located within the mixing chamber or manifold 20.

The blower or super-charger l2, when .employed, functions dually to educe or draw in air through the ducts ll, thence through the shrouds l3, and thence through pipes 22 communicating with the interior of the shrouds and also with the supercharger or blower ii, at the same time drawing in the fuel through the pipes l8, coils i5 and pipes i8, through the mixing valve ii, the same admixing with the shin the manifold or mixer 20, and therefrom being educed or blown by the super-charger, through conduits 23 into the cylinders II, to thus serve as fuel therefor,

coacting with the usual piston, firingmechanism,

and other parts.

the refrigerating effect also constitutes the sole vices in connection with the ensine which would It will be realized that the petroleum used for I parts of the-engine to the supply of hydrocarbon cylinders, means to parts of the engine to cool with the cylinders, the super-charger parts of the engine to cool the same, means for complicate the same andimpair and render impractical use thereof as an aircraft type.

Various changes may be resorted to provided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

In the drawings and specification, there has been set forth a preferred embodiment of the invention, and although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.

I claim:

1. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a super-charger and mixing chamber in communication therewith and with the cylinders, means to confine air drawn by the super-charger into the mixing chamber, over cool the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means for the expansion of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts.

2. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a super-charger and mixing chamber in communication therewith and with the cylinders, means to confine air drawn bythe super-charger into the mixing chamber, over Parts of the engine to cool fuel to the mixing chamber, and means for the expansion of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts, said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the super-charger. f

3. In combination with an internal combustion confining means comprising the same, means for to cool the same, means for rmixing chamber and an chamber, and means enclosed by the shroud means for the expansion of said fuel into gas to -refrigerate the air passing over said parts.

6. In combination with an internal combustion engine having super-charger and a mixing chamber in communication with the super-charger and the cylinders. means to confine air drawn into the mixing chamber over parts of the engine carbon fuel to the mixing for the expansion of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts, said confining means comprising shroud means about chamber, and means the engine cylinders in communication with the super-charger.

r 7. In combination with engine having a mixing chamber incommunicawith the cylinders, means to confine air drawn into the mixing chamber, over parts of the engine to cool the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamberjand means for th expansion of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the air inlet duct arrangedacross the end of the cylinders and in communication with the shroud means, the fuel supply meatns including a coil disposed with the said cluc 8. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a mixing chamber in'communiengine having a super-chargerand mixing chamher in communication therewith and with the super-charger into the mixing chamber, over the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel into gas to refrigerate said parts, said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in 'com-' munication with the super-charger and an air inlet duct arranged across the end of the cylinders and in communication with shroud means, the fuel supply means including a coil disposed within the said duct.

4. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a super-charger and mixing chamber in communication therewith and means to confine air drawn by into the mixing chamber, over the supply" of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and meansfor the expansion of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts, said confining mealns compris n shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the super-charger and an air inlet duct arranged across the end of the cyl- .the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the confine air drawn-by the fuel to the mixing chamber, and means for the expansion of said the air passing overcationwith the cylinders, means to confine air drawn into the mixing ply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means for the expansion of said fuel intogas to refrigerate the air passing over said Darts. said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the mixing chamber and an air inlet duct end of the cylinders and in arranged across the communication with the shroud means, the fuel supply means including a coil disposed within cylinders, a mixing valve for the engine, means disposed. within the air confining means for V8.-

the fuel into as porizing a hydrocarbon fuel, means for conducting the vapor from the vaporizing means to the mixing valve,

porization of the fuel serving to cool the air before it is directed over the cylinders.

10. In an'inte nal combustion engine having cylinders, and a mixing valve, means for supplying hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing valve,

means disposed within the shroud means furtheexpansion of the fuel into a gas and located in the line of draft of air before it passes over the cylinders to refrigerate the over th cylinders.

,11.'In an internal combustion engine having cylinders, a mixing valve, means for conducting air to the mixing valve and into the means for the suppl of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing valve, means for the expansion of to refrigerate the air before it enters the mixing valve. 7

12. In combination with an internal combusair before it passes the supply of hydroaninternal combustion over said parts, said,

chamber over parts of f the engine to cool th'e same, means for the supthe refrigerating effect of the va-- cylinders.

fracas exterior of the cylinders to cool the same, means tion engine having a blower, cylinders, and mixing chamber, means to confine air drawn by the blower over parts of the engine to cool thesame, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means 'for the expansion of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts.

13. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a blower and mixing chamber and cylinders, means to confine air drawn into the blower over parts of the engine to cool the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means for the ex-' pension of said fuel into gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts, said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the blower.

14. In combination with an internal combuse tion engine having a blower, mixing chamber, and cylinders, means to confine air drawn by the blower over parts of the engine to cool the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means for the expansion of the fuel into a gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts, and said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the blower and an air inlet duct arranged across the end of the cylinders and in communication with shroud means, the fuel supply means including a coil disposed within the said duct.

15. In combination with an internal combus- .tion engine having a blower, mixing chamber,

and cylinders, means to confine air drawn by the blower over parts of the engine to cool the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber,'and means for the expension of the fuel into a gas to refrigerate the air passing over said parts, said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the blower and an air inlet duct arranged across the end of the cylinders and in communication with the shroud means, the fuel supply means including a coil disposed within the said duct, and an expansion valve operable to convert liquid into gas as it passes into the coil.

16. In combination with an internal combus tion engine having a mixing chamber, means to confine air'passing over the cylinders into the mixing chamber to cause the air to contact the for the supply of hydro-carbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means disposed within the confining means for the expansion of the fuel into a gas to refrigerate the air before it over the cylinders 1'1. In combination tion engine having a mixing chamber, means to confine air passing over the cylinders into the mixing chamber to cause the air to contact the exterior of the cylinders to cool the same, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, and means disposed within the confining means for the expansion of the fuel into a gas to refrigerate the air before it passes over the cylinders, said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the mixing chamber.

18. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a mixing chamber and cylinders, means to confine air to direct it over the cylinders, and into the mixing chamber to cool the cylinders, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel. to the mixing chamber, means for expansion of the fuel into a gas to refrigerate the air before it passes over the cylinders, said confining means comprising shroud means about the cylinders, and an inlet duct arranged across the ends or the cylinder and in communication with th shroud means, the fuel supply means containing anexpansion coil disposed within said duct. I

19. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a mixing chamber and cylinder-s, means to confine air and cause it to pass over and in contact with the cylinders into the mixing chamber, means for the supply of hydrocarbon fuel to the mixing chamber, means for expansion of the fuel into gas to refrigerate the air before it passes over the cylinders, said confining means comprising shroud means about the engine cylinders in communication with the mixing valve, and an inlet duct arranged across the cylinders and in communication with the shroud means, the fuel supply means including a fuel expansion coil disposed within the duct, said coil having an expansion valve operable to convert liquid fuel into gas as it passes through the expansion coil. NEIBON M. JONES.

with an internal combus- 

